Constants

Declare lazily evaluated constant

Declares a lazily evaluated constant HashMap. The HashMap will be evaluated once and stored behind a global static reference.

use lazy_static::lazy_static;
use std::collections::HashMap;

lazy_static! {
    static ref PRIVILEGES: HashMap<&'static str, Vec<&'static str>> = {
        let mut map = HashMap::new();
        map.insert("James", vec!["user", "admin"]);
        map.insert("Jim", vec!["user"]);
        map
    };
}

fn show_access(name: &str) {
    let access = PRIVILEGES.get(name);
    println!("{}: {:?}", name, access);
}

fn main() {
    let access = PRIVILEGES.get("James");
    println!("James: {:?}", access);

    show_access("Jim");
}

Std:cell

OnceCell is included in the standard library as an alternative.

use std::cell::OnceCell;

fn main() {
    let cell = OnceCell::new();
    assert!(cell.get().is_none());

    let value: &String = cell.get_or_init(|| {
        "Hello, World!".to_string()
    });
    assert_eq!(value, "Hello, World!");
    assert!(cell.get().is_some());
}